Systems communications with non-sensitive identifiers

ABSTRACT

A method is disclosed for enabling transaction reversal processes without utilizing sensitive information. Instead of being identified by sensitive information, the transaction associated with a reversal can be identified by a transaction identifier that is generated by a resource provider.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a non-provisional application of and claims thebenefit of the filing date of U.S. Provisional Application No.62/084,456, filed on Nov. 25, 2014, which is herein incorporated byreference in its entirety for all purposes.

BACKGROUND

Transactions are typically identified by sensitive account information(e.g., payment credentials). For example, stored transaction records arelabeled by the associated account information. Entities communicatingabout a certain transaction will often use the associated accountinformation to indicate the specific transaction. Thus, accountinformation is regularly included in network communications, and manycopies of account information may be stored across multiple databases.This can cause exposure and security issues, as there is a chance of anunwanted security breach of sensitive account information.

Embodiments of the invention address these and other problemsindividually and collectively.

SUMMARY

One embodiment of the invention is directed to a method. The methodcomprises receiving, by a transaction processing computer, from aresource provider computer, a request for reversing a transactionbetween a user and a resource provider. The request includes a resourceprovider identifier and a transaction identifier, and the request doesnot include an account identifier associated with an account of theuser. The transaction is uniquely identified by the resource provideridentifier and the transaction identifier. The method further comprisesvalidating the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier, determining an authorizing entity identifier based on theresource provider identifier and the transaction identifier, andforwarding the request to an authorizing entity computer associated withthe determined authorizing entity identifier. The authorizing entitycomputer then determines the account identifier based on the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier, and the authorizingentity computer approves of the transaction reversal.

Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a transactionprocessing computer configured to perform the above-described method.

Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a method comprisingreceiving, by a transaction processing computer, from an authorizingentity computer, a request for reversing a transaction between a userand a resource provider. The request includes a resource provideridentifier and a transaction identifier, and the request does notinclude an account identifier associated with an account of the user.The transaction is uniquely identified by the resource provideridentifier and the transaction identifier. The method further comprisesvalidating the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier, determining a transport computer associated with theresource provider, and forwarding the request to the determinedtransport computer. The transport computer then uses the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier when communicatingwith a resource provider computer about the transaction reversalrequest.

Another embodiment of the invention is directed to a transactionprocessing computer configured to perform the above-described method.

Further details regarding embodiments of the invention can be found inthe Detailed Description and the Figures.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a system according to an embodiment ofthe invention.

FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary mobile device according toan embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a resource provider computer accordingto an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 shows a block diagram of a transaction processing computeraccording to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 shows a block diagram of an authorizing entity computer accordingto an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method processing a refundwithout utilizing payment credentials, according to embodiments of theinvention.

FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram illustrating a method processing achargeback without utilizing payment credentials, according toembodiments of the invention.

FIG. 8 shows a block diagram of a computer apparatus according to anembodiment of the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Embodiments of the present invention are directed to methods and systemsfor processing transaction reversals (e.g., returns and chargebacks)without utilizing or exposing sensitive information, such as accountinformation and user information. Instead, merchant-generatedtransaction identifiers can be used to identify specific transactionsduring transaction reversal processing.

For example, a transaction can be uniquely identified by a transactionidentifier paired with a resource provider identifier. The transactionidentifier may have been generated by a resource provider and may belocally unique among transaction identifiers generated by the resourceprovider. However, the transaction identifier may not be globallyunique, as other resource providers can also generate their owntransaction identifiers, and thus it may be possible that anotherresource provider generate and utilize an identical transactionidentifier. Accordingly, a central entity, such as a transactionprocessor, may generate a unique resource provider identifier for eachresource provider. Thus, transactions may be uniquely identified on aglobal level by a combination of a transaction identifier and a resourceprovider identifier.

In some embodiments, in communications regarding a transaction reversal,the transaction may be identified by an associated resource provideridentifier, transaction identifier, and any other suitable information.Additionally, entities within the transaction processing system thatstore transaction records may identify transaction records based on theresource provider identifier and transaction identifier. Accordingly,communications and transaction records can omit sensitive informationformerly used to identify transactions, such as payment credentials.Transaction identifiers and resource provider identifiers may not beconsidered sensitive information, as they may not identify a user or anaccount.

Thus, embodiments of the invention improve the security of sensitiveinformation, as sensitive information does not need to be included intransaction reversal communications or widely stored by differententities. Particularly, the payment credentials and other sensitiveinformation can be removed from transaction processing entities, such asacquirer, resource provider, and consumer domains. Additionally,enabling resource providers to generate transaction identifiers createsa simple, elegant system for transaction identification. Instead ofretrieving transaction identifiers from a central source for eachtransaction, transaction identifiers can be generated locally,decreasing back-and-forth communication and improving efficiency.

Prior to discussing specific embodiments of the invention, some termsmay be described in detail.

“Transaction information” may be information that is associated with atransaction. Examples of transaction information include a resourceprovider identifier, a transaction identifier, a timestamp, atransaction amount, a merchant identifier, a merchant location, aterminal identifier, an acquirer identifier (such as an acquirer bankidentification number (BIN)), a card acceptor ID, informationidentifying items being purchased, geo-location information, a digitalwallet identifier, and/or any other suitable information. In someembodiments, some types of transaction information can be utilized touniquely identify a transaction. For instance, a transaction may beuniquely identified by a resource provider identifier and a transactionidentifier.

A “transaction identifier” may include an identifier that represents atransaction. In one example, a transaction identifier may include aseries of alphanumeric characters or any other indicator suitable foridentifying a transaction. In some embodiments, a transaction identifiercan be generated locally by a resource provider computer and associatedwith one local transaction. As a result, in some embodiments, atransaction identifier may be locally unique to the resource provider,but not be globally unique as another resource provider may generate thesame transaction identifier. In some embodiments, a transactionidentifier may comprise an authorizing entity identifier. For example,the first several (e.g., 4-6) digits of a transaction identifier may beused for identifying an authorizing entity and/or a transactionprocessor. In some embodiments, the transaction identifier format may beconfigured to allow the entity receiving the transaction identifier toidentify it as a transaction identifier.

A “resource provider identifier” may include an identifier thatrepresents a resource provider. In some embodiments, a resource provideridentifier may include any suitable combination of alphanumericcharacters. An example of such a resource provider identifier can be“RETAIL 489200385.” In some embodiments, resource provider identifierscan be generated by a central entity, such as a transaction processingcomputer.

A “transaction reversal” may be a process for undoing a transaction. Forexample, during a transaction reversal, various entities may communicateso that funds spent by a consumer on a previous transaction may bereimbursed to the consumer's account. Also, purchased goods or servicesmay be returned to a resource provider from a consumer. Examples of atransaction reversal include a refund and a chargeback. A refund cantake place when a consumer no longer desires to keep purchased items.The consumer may return the purchased items to the resource provider,and the resource provider may initiate the transaction reversal. Achargeback can take place when a fraudulent transaction occurred, orwhen a consumer otherwise disputes the legitimacy of an account charge.The consumer may contact an authorizing entity, and the authorizingentity may initiate the transaction reversal. A chargeback request maylead to a dispute process, where the authorizing entity, resourceprovider, acquirer, consumer, and any other suitable entity maycommunication in order to determine which party is liable for theaccount charge.

A “refund request message” may be an electronic message that requests arefund for a transaction. In some embodiments, a refund request messagemay be generated by a merchant computer and sent to a transactionprocessing computer and/or an issuer of a payment card to request arefund. A refund request message according to some embodiments maycomply with ISO 8583, which is a standard for systems that exchangeelectronic transaction information associated with a payment made by auser using a payment device or payment account. The refund requestmessage may include a transaction identifier associated with thetransaction, and a resource provider identifier associated with theresource provider. In some embodiments, a transaction can be uniquelyidentified on a global level based on a combination of the transactionidentifier and the resource provider identifier. In some embodiments, arefund request message may also include any other suitable transactioninformation, such as the transaction amount, timestamp, merchantidentifier, merchant location, acquirer bank identification number(BIN), card acceptor ID, information identifying items previouslypurchased, etc., as well as any other information that may be utilizedin determining whether to identify and/or authorize a refund. In someembodiments, a refund request message may not include user identifyinginformation, payment information, or any other sensitive information.

A “chargeback request message” may be an electronic message thatrequests a chargeback for a transaction. In some embodiments, achargeback request message may be generated by an issuer computer andsent to a transaction processing computer and/or an acquirer computer ofa merchant request a chargeback. A chargeback request message accordingto some embodiments may comply with ISO 8583, which is a standard forsystems that exchange electronic transaction information associated witha payment made by a user using a payment device or payment account. Thechargeback request message may include a transaction identifierassociated with the transaction, and a resource provider identifierassociated with the resource provider. In some embodiments, atransaction can be uniquely identified on a global level based on acombination of the transaction identifier and the resource provideridentifier. In some embodiments, a chargeback request message may alsoinclude any other suitable transaction information, such as thetransaction amount, timestamp, merchant identifier, merchant location,acquirer bank identification number (BIN), card acceptor ID, informationidentifying items previously purchased, etc., as well as any otherinformation that may be utilized in determining whether to identifyand/or authorize a chargeback. In some embodiments, a chargeback requestmessage may not include user identifying information, paymentinformation, or any other sensitive information. A chargeback requestmessage may also include a reason code the identified a reason for thechargeback. A reason code may be a number (e.g., a two or four digitnumber). Different reason codes may be associated with differentreasons, such as non-receipt of information, fraud, authorization error,processing error, cancelled or returned merchandise, non-receipt ofgoods or services, or any other suitable reason.

A “mobile device” or “user device” may comprise any suitable electronicdevice that may be transported and operated by a user, which may alsoprovide remote communication capabilities to a network. Examples ofremote communication capabilities include using a mobile phone(wireless) network, wireless data network (e.g. 3G, 4G or similarnetworks), Wi-Fi, Wi-Max, or any other communication medium that mayprovide access to a network such as the Internet or a private network.Examples of mobile devices include mobile phones (e.g. cellular phones),PDAs, tablet computers, net books, laptop computers, personal musicplayers, hand-held specialized readers, etc. Further examples of mobiledevices include wearable devices, such as smart watches, fitness bands,ankle bracelets, rings, earrings, etc., as well as automobiles withremote communication capabilities. A mobile device may comprise anysuitable hardware and software for performing such functions, and mayalso include multiple devices or components (e.g. when a device hasremote access to a network by tethering to another device—i.e. using theother device as a modem—both devices taken together may be considered asingle mobile device).

“Payment credentials” may include any suitable information associatedwith an account (e.g. a payment account and/or payment device associatedwith the account). Such information may be directly related to theaccount or may be derived from information related to the account.Examples of account information may include an “account identifier” suchas a PAN (primary account number or “account number”), user name,expiration date, CW (card verification value), dCW (dynamic cardverification value), CW2 (card verification value 2), CVC3 cardverification values, etc. An example of a PAN is a 16-digit number, suchas “4147 0900 0000 1234.” CW2 is generally understood to be a staticverification value associated with a payment device. CW2 values aregenerally visible to a user (e.g., a consumer), whereas CW and dCWvalues are typically embedded in memory or authorization requestmessages and are not readily known to the user (although they are knownto the issuer and payment processors). Payment credentials may be anyinformation that identifies or is associated with a payment account.Payment credentials may be provided in order to make a payment from apayment account. Payment credentials can also include a user name, anexpiration date, a gift card number or code, a payment token, and anyother suitable information. In some embodiments, payment credentials maybe considered sensitive information.

A “digital wallet” can include an electronic device that allows anindividual to conduct electronic commerce transactions. A digital walletmay store user profile information, payment credentials, bank accountinformation, one or more digital wallet identifiers and/or the like andcan be used in a variety of transactions, such as but not limited toeCommerce, social networks, money transfer/personal payments, mobilecommerce, proximity payments, gaming, and/or the like for retailpurchases, digital goods purchases, utility payments, purchasing gamesor gaming credits from gaming websites, transferring funds betweenusers, and/or the like. A digital wallet may be designed to streamlinethe purchase and payment process. A digital wallet may allow the user toload one or more payment cards onto the digital wallet so as to make apayment without having to enter an account number or present a physicalcard. A digital wallet may also store transaction records (e.g.,electronic receipts), and may include transaction reversalfunctionality.

A “resource provider” may be an entity that can provide a resource suchas goods, services, information, and/or access. Examples of a resourceprovider include merchants, access devices, secure data access points,etc. A “merchant” may typically be an entity that engages intransactions and can sell goods or services, or provide access to goodsor services.

An “acquirer” may typically be a business entity (e.g., a commercialbank) that has a business relationship with a particular merchant orother entity. Some entities can perform both issuer and acquirerfunctions. Some embodiments may encompass such single entityissuer-acquirers. An acquirer may operate an acquirer computer, whichcan also be generically referred to as a “transport computer”.

An “authorizing entity” may be an entity that authorizes a request.Examples of an authorizing entity may be an issuer, a governmentalagency, a document repository, an access administrator, etc. Anauthorizing entity can be identified by an “authorizing entityidentifier”, which may be a string of characters or take any othersuitable form. An example of an authorizing entity identifier is anissuer BIN (bank identification number).

An “issuer” may typically refer to a business entity (e.g., a bank) thatmaintains an account for a user. An issuer may also issue paymentcredentials stored on communication device, such as a cellulartelephone, smart card, tablet, or laptop to the consumer. An issuer canbe identified by an issuer identifier, such as a BIN. In someembodiments, a PAN can comprise a BIN in addition to other characters.For example, the first four to six digits of a PAN may be the BIN. Thus,a PAN can indicate an associated issuer. In some embodiments, a BIN canalso identify a transaction processor.

An “access device” may be any suitable device that provides access to aremote system. An access device may also be used for communicating witha merchant computer, a transaction processing computer, anauthentication computer, or any other suitable system. An access devicemay generally be located in any suitable location, such as at thelocation of a merchant. An access device may be in any suitable form.Some examples of access devices include POS or point of sale devices(e.g., POS terminals), cellular phones, PDAs, personal computers (PCs),tablet PCs, hand-held specialized readers, set-top boxes, electroniccash registers (ECRs), automated teller machines (ATMs), virtual cashregisters (VCRs), kiosks, security systems, access systems, and thelike. An access device may use any suitable contact or contactless modeof operation to send or receive data from, or associated with, a usermobile device. In some embodiments, where an access device may comprisea POS terminal, any suitable POS terminal may be used and may include areader, a processor, and a computer-readable medium. A reader mayinclude any suitable contact or contactless mode of operation. Forexample, exemplary card readers can include radio frequency (RF)antennas, optical scanners, bar code readers, or magnetic stripe readersto interact with a payment device and/or mobile device.

An “authorization request message” may be an electronic message thatrequests authorization for a transaction. In some embodiments, it issent to a transaction processing computer and/or an issuer of a paymentcard to request authorization for a transaction. An authorizationrequest message according to some embodiments may comply with ISO 8583,which is a standard for systems that exchange electronic transactioninformation associated with a payment made by a user using a paymentdevice or payment account. The authorization request message may includean issuer account identifier that may be associated with a paymentdevice or payment account. An authorization request message may alsocomprise additional data elements corresponding to “user information”including, by way of example only: a service code, a CW (cardverification value), a dCW (dynamic card verification value), a PAN(primary account number or “account number”), a payment token, a username, an expiration date, etc. An authorization request message may alsocomprise “transaction information,” such as any information associatedwith a current transaction, such as the transaction amount, merchantidentifier, merchant location, acquirer bank identification number(BIN), card acceptor ID, information identifying items being purchased,etc., as well as any other information that may be utilized indetermining whether to identify and/or authorize a transaction. Otherexamples of transaction information are provided above.

An “authorization response message” may be a message that responds to anauthorization request. In some cases, it may be an electronic messagereply to an authorization request message generated by an issuingfinancial institution or a transaction processing computer. Theauthorization response message may include, by way of example only, oneor more of the following status indicators: Approval—transaction wasapproved; Decline—transaction was not approved; or Call Center—responsepending more information, merchant must call the toll-free authorizationphone number. The authorization response message may also include anauthorization code, which may be a code that a credit card issuing bankreturns in response to an authorization request message in an electronicmessage (either directly or through the transaction processing computer)to the merchant's access device (e.g. POS equipment) that indicatesapproval of the transaction. The code may serve as proof ofauthorization. As noted above, in some embodiments, a transactionprocessing computer may generate or forward the authorization responsemessage to the merchant.

A “server computer” may include a powerful computer or cluster ofcomputers. For example, the server computer can be a large mainframe, aminicomputer cluster, or a group of servers functioning as a unit. Inone example, the server computer may be a database server coupled to aWeb server. The server computer may be coupled to a database and mayinclude any hardware, software, other logic, or combination of thepreceding for servicing the requests from one or more client computers.The server computer may comprise one or more computational apparatusesand may use any of a variety of computing structures, arrangements, andcompilations for servicing the requests from one or more clientcomputers.

FIG. 1 shows a system 100 comprising a number of components. The system100 comprises a mobile device 120 operated by a user 110. The system 100further comprises a resource provider computer 130, a transport computer140, a transaction processing computer 150, and an authorizing entitycomputer 160, each of which may be embodied by one or more computers.The mobile device 120 may be in communication with an access device 125,which may in turn be in communication with the resource providercomputer 130. Also, the mobile device 120, the access device 125, theresource provider computer 130, the transport computer 140, thetransaction processing computer 150, and the authorizing entity computer160 may all be in operative communication with each other through anysuitable communication channel or communications network. Suitablecommunications networks may be any one and/or the combination of thefollowing: a direct interconnection; the Internet; a Local Area Network(LAN); a Metropolitan Area Network (MAN); an Operating Missions as Nodeson the Internet (OMNI); a secured custom connection; a Wide Area Network(WAN); a wireless network (e.g., employing protocols such as, but notlimited to a Wireless Application Protocol (WAP), I-mode, and/or thelike); and/or the like.

Messages between the computers, networks, and devices may be transmittedusing a secure communications protocols such as, but not limited to,File Transfer Protocol (FTP); HyperText Transfer Protocol (HTTP); SecureHypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS), Secure Socket Layer (SSL), ISO(e.g., ISO 8583) and/or the like.

The user 110 may be a consumer that can purchase goods or services, andthat can request a refund or chargeback for a previous transaction. Theuser 110 may be associated with the mobile device 120, a paymentaccount, and a digital wallet application. The user 110 may be able touse the mobile device 120 (or another payment device) to conducttransactions with a resource provider associated with the resourceprovider computer 130. The mobile device 120 may store informationassociated with the user 110 and/or a payment account. For example, themobile device 120 may store payment credentials as well as personalinformation such as a name, address, email address, phone number, or anyother suitable user 110 identification information in a digital walletapplication. The mobile device 120 may provide this information to theaccess device 125 during a transaction.

The user 110 may also be able to use the mobile device 120 forrequesting transaction reversals. For example, the mobile device 120 mayalso store information about historical transactions, such as a resourceprovider identifier, a transaction identifier, and any other suitabletransaction information, and may provide this information to the accessdevice 125 to initiate a refund or to the authorization entity computer160 to initiate a chargeback.

An example of the mobile device 120, according to some embodiments ofthe invention, is shown in FIG. 2. Mobile device 120 may includecircuitry that is used to enable certain device functions, such astelephony. The functional elements responsible for enabling thosefunctions may include a processor 120A that can execute instructionsthat implement the functions and operations of the device. Processor120A may access memory 120E (or another suitable data storage region orelement) to retrieve instructions or data used in executing theinstructions, such as provisioning scripts and mobile applications. Datainput/output elements 120C, such as a keyboard or touchscreen, may beused to enable a user to operate the mobile device 120 and input data(e.g., user authentication data). Data input/output elements may also beconfigured to output data (via a speaker, for example). Display 120B mayalso be used to output data to a user. Communications element 120D maybe used to enable data transfer between mobile device 120 and a wired orwireless network (via antenna 120H, for example) to assist inconnectivity to the Internet or other network, and enabling datatransfer functions. Mobile device 120 may also include contactlesselement interface 120F to enable data transfer between contactlesselement 120G and other elements of the device, where contactless element120G may include a secure memory and a near field communications datatransfer element (or another form of short range communicationstechnology). As noted, a cellular phone or similar device is an exampleof a mobile device 120 that may be used in accordance with embodimentsof the present invention. However, other forms or types of devices maybe used without departing from the underlying concepts of the invention.For example, the mobile device 120 may alternatively be in the form of apayment card, a key fob, a tablet computer, a wearable device, etc.

The memory 120E may comprise a digital wallet application 120J, paymentcredentials 120K, transaction records 120L, and any other suitablemodule or data. The mobile device 120 may have any number of mobileapplications installed or stored on the memory 120E and is not limitedto that shown in FIG. 2. The memory 120E may also comprise code,executable by the processor 120A for implementing a method comprisingreceiving, by the mobile device, an instruction to activate a digitalwallet application, activating the digital wallet application,displaying a list of transactions, receiving a selection of atransaction from the list of transactions, receiving a request forrefund for the transaction, transmitting a request for transactionidentifying information associated with the transaction, receivingtransaction information including a transaction identifier and aresource provider identifier, wherein the transaction is uniquelyidentified by the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier, transmitting a refund request to a resource providercomputer, the request including the transaction information and notincluding an account identifier, wherein the resource provider computersends a request for processing the refund to the transaction processingcomputer, and receiving an notification that the refund was successfullyprocessed.

The digital wallet application 120J may provide a user interface for theuser 110 to provide input and initiate, facilitate, and managetransactions using the mobile device 120. The digital wallet application120J may be able to communicate with a digital wallet provider, which insome embodiments may be the transaction processing computer 150. Thedigital wallet application 120J may be distributed by the transactionprocessing computer 150, the authorizing entity computer 160, a thirdparty provider, or any other suitable entity. The digital walletapplication 120J may be able to store and/or access payment credentials120K, or otherwise conduct payment transactions. In some embodiments,the payment credentials 120K may be stored (along with other sensitiveaccount or personal information) in a secure element that can beimplemented in either hardware and/or software.

The digital wallet application 120J may also be able to requesttransaction reversals. For example, the digital wallet application 120Jmay maintain or have access to transaction records 120L for transactionsassociated with the user's payment accounts and/or the digital walletapplication 120J. In some embodiments, the transaction records 120L mayinclude transaction information associated with the transactions, suchas resource provider information (e.g., a name or address), a time, adate, an amount, purchased item information, and/or any other suitabletransaction information. In some embodiments, the transaction records120L may include special types transaction information that uniquelyidentifies a transaction, such as transaction identifiers, resourceprovider identifiers, and/or timestamps. In some embodiments, thetransaction records 120L may not include sensitive information, such asthe payment credentials 120K. The digital wallet application 120J may beable to display a list of the transactions to the user 110, receive aselection of a transaction, and provide options for requesting atransaction reversal. The digital wallet application 120J may be able tosend transaction information to the access device 125, the transactionprocessing computer 150, and/or the authorizing entity computer 160 inorder to request a transaction reversal.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the resource provider computer 130 may beassociated with a resource provider. The resource provider may engage intransactions, sell goods or services, or provide access to goods orservices to the user 110. The resource provider may accept multipleforms of payment and may use multiple tools to conduct different typesof transactions. For example, the resource provider may operate aphysical store and use the access device 125 for in-person transactionsand refunds. The resource provider may also sell goods and/or servicesvia a website, and may accept payments and process refunds over theInternet. In some embodiments, resource providers may also includeentities that provide access to data or physical spaces, such asgovernmental agencies, secure data servers, access-limited doors andportals, etc.

An example of the resource provider computer 130, according to someembodiments of the invention, is shown in FIG. 3. The resource providercomputer 130 comprises a processor 130A, a network interface 130B, atransaction database 130C, and a computer readable medium 130D.

The computer readable medium 130D may comprise a transaction processingmodule 130E, a transaction identifier generation module 130F, a refundprocessing module 130G, and any other suitable software module. Thecomputer readable medium 130D may also comprise code, executable by theprocessor 130A for implementing a method comprising receiving a requestfrom a user for reversing a transaction, the request including aresource provider identifier and a transaction identifier, the requestnot including an account identifier associated with an account of theuser, wherein the transaction is uniquely identified by the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier; identifying ahistorical transaction record based on the resource provider identifierand the transaction identifier, the historical transaction recordincluding an amount; and sending a transaction reversal requestincluding the amount, the resource provider identifier, and thetransaction identifier to a transaction processing computer, whereintransaction reversal request is forwarded to an authorizing entitycomputer that allows the transaction reversal.

The transaction processing module 130E may comprise code that causes theprocessor 130A to process transactions. For example, the transactionprocessing module 130E may contain logic that causes the processor 130Ato receive payment credentials from the user 110 for a transaction. Thetransaction processing module 130E may be able to initiate a transactionauthorization process, and may also be able to finalize a transaction sothat goods and/or services can be released. For example, the transactionprocessing module 130E may be able to assign a transaction identifier toa transaction, and generate an authorization request message includingthe payment credentials, transaction information (e.g., transactionidentifier, resource provider identifier, timestamp, amount, items beingpurchased, etc.), and any other suitable information.

The transaction processing module 130E may also be able to generatetransaction receipts and store transaction records. For example thetransaction processing module 130E may store a record in the transactiondatabase 130C for each transaction, each record including transactioninformation, such as a resource provider identifier and a transactionidentifier, and any other suitable information. In some embodiments, thetransaction processing module 130E may not store sensitive information,such as payment credentials, in the transaction database 130C. In someembodiments, the transaction processing module 130E may provide thetransaction information (e.g., the resource provider identifier and thetransaction identifier) to the user 110 and/or mobile device 120 via areceipt.

The transaction identifier generation module 130F may comprise code thatcauses the processor 130A to generate transaction identifiers. Forexample, the transaction identifier generation module 130F may containlogic that causes the processor 130A to generate and assign a uniquetransaction identifier for each transaction. Thus, historicaltransactions can be uniquely identified. In some embodiments, atransaction identifier may be partially composed of an authorizingentity identifier. For example, the transaction identifier generationmodule 130F may incorporate a BIN from a set of payment credentials intoa transaction identifier. Thus, in some embodiments, the authorizingentity computer 160 may be identified by the transaction identifier.

The refund processing module 130G may comprise code that causes theprocessor 130A to process refunds. For example, the refund processingmodule 130G may contain logic that causes the processor 130A to receivetransaction information (e.g., a transaction identifier and a resourceprovider identifier) from the user 110, and send a refund requestmessage to the transaction processing computer 150 or the transportcomputer 140 so that a refund may be issued to the user 110. A refundrequest message may include the transaction information and any othersuitable information. The refund processing module 130G may be able toidentify a transaction record in the transaction database 130C based ontransaction information received from the user 110, and may add anysuitable additional information from the transaction record to therefund request message.

In some embodiments, the resource provider computer 130 may also be ableto generate its own resource provider identifier. Whether the resourceprovider identifier is generated locally or received from an outsidesource, the resource provider computer 130 may store the resourceprovider identifier and include the resource provider identifier in eachauthorization request message, refund request message, and any othersuitable communication where a transaction is being identified.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the resource provider computer 130 may submitauthorization requests to the transport computer 140 (which may be anacquirer computer). The transport computer 140 may be associated withthe resource provider computer 130, and may manage authorizationrequests as well as transaction reversals on behalf of the resourceprovider computer 130. In some embodiments, the transport computer 140may also store transaction records where the transactions are identifiedby transactions information (e.g., a resource provider identifier, atransaction identifier, and/or a timestamp) instead of sensitive paymentcredentials. The transport computer 140 may be able to transmit fundsfrom a resource provider account to a user 110 account at an authorizingentity computer 160.

As shown in FIG. 1, the transaction processing computer 150 may bedisposed between the transport computer 140 and the authorizing entitycomputer 160. The transaction processing computer 150 may include dataprocessing subsystems, networks, and operations used to support anddeliver authorization services, exception file services, and clearingand settlement services. For example, the transaction processingcomputer 150 may comprise a server coupled to a network interface (e.g.,by an external communication interface), and databases of information.The transaction processing computer 150 may be representative of atransaction processing network. An exemplary transaction processingcomputer may include VisaNet™. Transaction processing networks such asVisaNet™ are able to process credit card transactions, debit cardtransactions, and other types of commercial transactions. VisaNet™, inparticular, includes a VIP system (Visa Integrated Payments system)which processes authorization requests and a Base II system whichperforms clearing and settlement services. The transaction processingcomputer 150 may use any suitable wired or wireless network, includingthe Internet.

An example of the transaction processing computer 150, according to someembodiments of the invention, is shown in FIG. 4. The transactionprocessing computer 150 comprises a processor 150A, a network interface150B, a transaction database 150C, and a computer readable medium 150D.

The computer readable medium 150D may comprise transaction processingmodule 150E, a merchant identifier generation module 150F, a transactiondata providing module 150G, a refund processing module 150H, achargeback processing module 150J, and any other suitable softwaremodule. The computer readable medium 150D may also comprise code,executable by the processor 150A for implementing a method comprisingreceiving, by a transaction processing computer, from a resourceprovider computer, a request for reversing a transaction between a userand a resource provider, the request including a resource provideridentifier and a transaction identifier, the request not including anaccount identifier associated with an account of the user, wherein thetransaction is uniquely identified by the resource provider identifierand the transaction identifier; validating, by the transactionprocessing computer, the resource provider identifier and thetransaction identifier; determining, by the transaction processingcomputer, an authorizing entity identifier based on the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier; and forwarding, bythe transaction processing computer, the request to an authorizingentity computer associated with the determined authorizing entityidentifier, wherein the authorizing entity computer determines theaccount identifier based on the resource provider identifier and thetransaction identifier, and wherein the authorizing entity computerapproves of the transaction reversal.

The transaction processing module 150E may comprise code that causes theprocessor 150A to process transactions. For example, the transactionprocessing module 150E may contain logic that causes the processor 150Ato analyze transaction risk, and to forward, authorize, or rejectauthorization request messages for payment transactions. The transactionprocessing module 150E may also be able to store transaction records inthe transaction database 150C. For example, the transaction database150C may include a record of each completed transaction that includestransaction information (e.g., resource provider identifier, transactionidentifier, timestamp, items purchased, amount, geo-locationinformation), an issuer identifier (e.g., BIN), and/or any othersuitable information. In some embodiments, the transaction database 150Cmay not include sensitive information, such as payment credentials. Thetransaction processing module 150E may be able to identify the issueridentifier from information in the authorization request message, suchas a BIN from within a set of payment credentials.

The merchant identifier generation module 150F may comprise code thatcauses the processor 150A to generate resource provider identifiers. Forexample, the merchant identifier generation module 150F may containlogic that causes the processor 150A to assign a distribute a uniqueresource provider identifier to one or more resource provider computers130 that submit authorization requests. In some embodiments, resourceprovider identifiers may instead be generated by other entities.Generating resource provider identifiers at a central location, such asthe transaction processing computer 150, can allow for globally uniqueresource provider identifiers.

The transaction data providing module 150G may comprise code that causesthe processor 150A to provide transaction information to suitableentities. For example, the transaction data providing module 150G maycontain logic that causes the processor 150A to receive a request fortransaction information from the user 110 or mobile device 120, and totransmit the appropriate transaction information to the requestor. Therequest may already include some transaction information that may beusable to identify a transaction, such as resource provider information,a time, a date, a digital wallet identifier, or any other suitableinformation. The transaction data providing module 150G may be able touse this transaction information to identify a transaction record in thetransaction database 150C that includes the additional transactioninformation (e.g., resource provider identifier, transaction identifier,timestamp).

The refund processing module 150H may comprise code that causes theprocessor 150A to process refunds. For example, the refund processingmodule 150H may contain logic that causes the processor 150A to receivea refund request message from the transport computer 140 and forward therefund request message to the authorizing entity computer 160. Therefund processing module 150H may be able to identify the authorizingentity computer 160 based on an authorizing entity identifier associatedwith the transaction in the transaction database 150C. The refundprocessing module 150H may also be able to validate the refund requestmessage (e.g., by validating that the transaction information matches atransaction record in the transaction database 150C). The refundprocessing module 150H may be able to coordinate transfer of therefunded funds (e.g., authorizing, clearing, and settlement) between thetransport computer 140 and the authorizing entity computer 160. Therefund processing module 150H may also be able to send notificationsabout completed refunds to the resource provider computer 130, themobile device 120, and any other suitable entity.

The chargeback processing module 150J may comprise code that causes theprocessor 150A to process chargebacks. For example, the chargebackprocessing module 150J may contain logic that causes the processor 150Ato receive a chargeback request message from the authorizing entitycomputer 160 and forward the chargeback request message to the transportcomputer 140. The chargeback processing module 150J may be able tolocate a transaction record in the transaction database 150C based ontransaction information in the chargeback request message, and therebyvalidate the refund request message as well as identify an associatedtransport computer 140 indicated in the transaction record. Thechargeback processing module 150J may be able to coordinate transfer ofthe chargeback funds (e.g., authorizing, clearing, and settlement)between the transport computer 140 and the authorizing entity computer160. In some embodiments, chargeback processing module 150J may also beable to mediate disputes and establish communication channels betweensuitable entities for disputing transaction liability. The chargebackprocessing module 150J may further be able to send notifications aboutcompleted chargebacks to the resource provider computer 130, the mobiledevice 120, and any other suitable entity.

Referring back to FIG. 1, the transaction processing computer 150, thetransport computer 140, and the authorizing entity computer 160 mayoperate suitable routing tables to route authorization request messagesusing payment credentials, merchant identifiers, or other accountidentifiers, and to route transaction reversal messages using resourceprovider identifiers, transaction identifiers, and/or authorizing entityidentifiers.

The authorizing entity computer 160 may issue and manage a paymentaccount and associated payment devices of the user 110. The authorizingentity computer 160 may be able authorize transactions and transactionreversals that involve the payment account.

An example of the authorizing entity computer 160, according to someembodiments of the invention, is shown in FIG. 5. The authorizing entitycomputer 160 comprises a processor 160A, a network interface 160B, atransaction database 160C, and a computer readable medium 160D.

The computer readable medium 160D may comprise transaction processingmodule 160E, a refund processing module 160F, a chargeback processingmodule 160G, and any other suitable software module. The computerreadable medium 160D may also comprise code, executable by the processor160A for implementing a method comprising receiving a request from atransaction processing computer for reversing a transaction between auser and a resource provider, the request including a resource provideridentifier and a transaction identifier, the request not including anaccount identifier associated with an account of the user, wherein thetransaction is uniquely identified by the resource provider identifierand the transaction identifier; validating the resource provideridentifier and the transaction identifier; determining a user accountbased on the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier; authorizing the transaction reversal, and sending atransaction reversal response to a transaction processing computer.

The transaction processing module 160E may comprise code that causes theprocessor 160A to process transactions. For example, the transactionprocessing module 160E may contain logic that causes the processor 160Ato analyze transaction risk, and authorize or reject authorizationrequest messages for payment transactions. Criteria for determiningwhether or not a transaction should be accepted or rejected may includethe risk of fraud, and/or the available funds or credit in the accountused to conduct a transaction. The transaction processing module 160Emay also be able to store transaction records in the transactiondatabase 160C. For example, the transaction database 160C may include arecord of each completed transaction that includes transactioninformation (e.g., resource provider identifier, transaction identifier,timestamp, items purchased, amount, geo-location information), anassociated payment account, user 110 identification information, and/orany other suitable information. In some embodiments, while sensitiveinformation such as payment credentials and user 110 information may bestored in the transaction database 160C, the authorizing entity computer160 may not utilize such information in communications (e.g.,authorization response messages and transaction reversal messages), andinstead may use the transaction information (e.g., the transactionidentifier and the resource provider) to identify a transaction. Thusthe authorizing entity computer 160 may contain the link between theuser account and the transaction information.

The refund processing module 160F may comprise code that causes theprocessor 160A to process refunds. For example, the refund processingmodule 160F may contain logic that causes the processor 160A to receivea refund request message from the transaction processing computer 150,authorize the refund, and then send back a refund response message. Therefund processing module 160F may be able to identify a transactionrecord in the transaction database 160C based on transaction informationin the refund request message, and thereby determine the user accountassociated with the refund. The refund processing module 160F may beable to credit the user's account with the refunded funds from thetransport computer 140.

The chargeback processing module 160G may comprise code that causes theprocessor 160A to process chargebacks. For example, the chargebackprocessing module 160G may contain logic that causes the processor 160Ato receive a chargeback request from the user 110 or mobile device 120,identify an associated user account, and then send a chargeback requestmessage to the transaction processing computer 150. In some embodiments,the request from the user 110 may include transaction information thatuniquely identifies a transaction (e.g. the transaction identifier andthe resource provider), while in other embodiments the request mayinclude other transaction details. In either case, the chargebackprocessing module 160G may determine the appropriate transaction recordand user account based on the received information. The chargebackprocessing module 160G may also be able to conduct transaction disputecommunications with the transport computer 140, the resource providercomputer 130, and any other suitable entity. The chargeback processingmodule 160G may be able to credit the user's account with the chargebackfunds from the transport computer 140.

Methods for processing payments, refunds, and chargebacks can now bedescribed. The steps shown in any method herein may be performedsequentially or in any suitable order in embodiments of the invention.In some embodiments, one or more of the steps may be optional. Thevarious messages described below may use any suitable form ofcommunication. In some embodiments, a request or response may be in anelectronic message format, such as an e-mail, a short messaging service(SMS) message, a multimedia messaging service (MMS) message, a hypertexttransfer protocol (HTTP) request message, a transmission controlprotocol (TCP) packet, a web form submission. The request or responsemay be directed to any suitable location, such as an e-mail address, atelephone number, an internet protocol (IP) address, or a uniformresource locator (URL). In some embodiments, a request or response maycomprise a mix of different message types, such as both email and SMSmessages.

In the methods 600 and 700 described further below, transactioninformation (e.g., a transaction identifier, resource provideridentifier, and/or a timestamp) is used instead of payment credentialsfor identifying a transaction during refund and chargeback processing.Several entities already associate the transaction with the transactioninformation, and thus can identify the transaction when a message withtransaction information is received. Accordingly, before describing themethods 600 and 700, a brief description will be first given regardinghow the transaction information was originally distributed. Entities inFIG. 1 will be referred to for this description. However, in someembodiments, these activities can instead be performed by the entitiesin FIG. 6 or FIG. 7.

Transaction information may be distributed in any suitable manner. Insome embodiments, transaction information may be distributed during atransaction authorization process. For example, in a paymenttransaction, a user 110 may provide payment credentials (e.g., via adigital wallet application on the mobile device 120) to the resourceprovider computer 130 (e.g., via the access device 125). The resourceprovider computer 130 may then generate and/or associate a transactionidentifier with the transaction, and store a transaction recordincluding the transaction identifier, the resource provider computer'sresource provider identifier, a timestamp, and any other suitableinformation. The resource provider computer 130 may not store thepayment credentials or other user information. Illustratively, paymentcredentials may include a PAN, an expiration date, a CW, a name, anaddress, and any other suitable information.

The resource provider computer 130 may send an authorization requestmessage to the transport computer 140. The authorization request messagemay include the payment credentials, the transaction identifier, theresource provider identifier, the timestamp, and any other suitabletransaction information. The transport computer 140 may store atransaction record including the transaction identifier, the resourceprovider identifier, the timestamp, and any other suitable transactioninformation. However, in some embodiments, the transport computer 140may not store the payment credentials.

The transport computer 140 may forward the authorization request messageto the transaction processing computer 150. In some embodiments, thetransport computer 140 may identify the transaction processing computer150 based on one or more BIN digits. The transaction processing computer150 may also store a transaction record including the receivedtransaction identifier, the resource provider identifier, the timestamp,and any other suitable transaction information. The transactionprocessing computer 150 may further store an authorizing entityidentifier as well as transport computer 140 identification information.For example, the authorizing entity identifier may be a BIN from thepayment credentials. Thus, in some embodiments, the transactionprocessing computer 150 may be able to store a BIN instead of thepayment credentials for identifying the authorization entity computer160.

The transaction processing computer 150 may forward the authorizationrequest message to the authorizing entity computer 160, which may alsostore a transaction record including the received transactionidentifier, the resource provider identifier, the timestamp, and anyother suitable transaction information. In some embodiments, theauthorizing entity computer 160 may further store the paymentcredentials, as the authorizing entity computer 160 may manage theuser's account.

Thus, the transaction information may be distributed via anauthorization request message, and in some embodiments, several entitiesmay store the transaction identifier, the resource provider identifier,the timestamp, and/or any other suitable transaction information insteadof the payment credentials. Subsequent communications may use thetransaction information instead of the payment credentials whenreferring to the transaction. For example, in some embodiments, theauthorization response message may not include the payment credentials,and instead may include the transaction identifier, the resourceprovider identifier, the timestamp, and/or any other suitabletransaction information. The method 600 below is another example ofcommunications that may utilize the transaction information instead ofthe payment credentials. However, embodiments of the invention allow forany suitable type of communications and transaction-related operationsto utilize the transaction information instead of the paymentcredentials for referring to a transaction.

A method 600 for processing a refund without utilizing paymentcredentials according to embodiments of the invention can be describedwith respect to FIG. 6. Some elements in other Figures are also referredto. The steps shown in the method 600 may be performed sequentially orin any suitable order in embodiments of the invention. In someembodiments, one or more of the steps may be optional.

Having previously performed a transaction as described above, the usermay decide to return goods or services purchased during the transaction,or otherwise desire a refund. Accordingly, the user may request a refundfrom the resource provider computer 630. In some embodiments, the usermay physically visit a resource provider location, access a resourceprovider website, or otherwise contact a resource provider.

At step S602, the user may activate a digital wallet application on themobile device 620, and select a refund option for a previoustransaction. For example, the digital wallet application may display alist of completed transactions associated with the user's digital walletand/or payment account. The transactions may be classified by resourceprovider information (e.g., a name and/or address), a time, a date, anamount, purchased item information, and/or any other suitabletransaction information. The user may select one of the transactions,and may request a refund for that transaction. The user may choose theoriginal transaction that applies to the refund request by activating aninput element on the mobile device 620. For example, there may be asoftware button or display activated by touch allowing the user toselect and confirm a transaction. In some embodiments, the inputelements may also be implemented by hardware buttons or activated byvoice. Accordingly, the mobile device 620 may detect the selection bythe user and determine the original transaction.

At step S604, the mobile device 620 may establish communication with thetransaction processing computer 650 and request the transactionidentifier, resource provider identifier, timestamp, and any othersuitable transaction identifying information associated with thetransaction. While, in some embodiments, the mobile device 620 may notyet have the transaction identifier and resource provider identifier,the mobile device 620 may be able to send other transaction details suchas the resource provider information (e.g., a name and/or address), atime, an amount, purchased item information, a digital walletapplication identifier, and/or any other suitable transactioninformation to the transaction processing computer 650 in order toidentify the specific transaction for which additional transactionidentifying information is being requested.

At step S606, the transaction processing computer 650 may identify,based on the transaction information received from the user and/ormobile device 720, a transaction record including a resource provideridentifier, a transaction identifier, a timestamp, and/or any othersuitable transaction identifying information associated with thetransaction. The transaction may be uniquely identifiable based on theresource provider identifier, the transaction identifier, and/or thetimestamp. In some embodiments, the transaction record may not includeany sensitive account information (e.g., payment credentials) orsensitive user information (e.g., a name or address).

In some embodiments, the transaction processing computer 650 may be thedigital wallet provider, and thus the transaction record may already beassociated with the user's digital wallet. For example, the same digitalwallet may have been used for the initial purchase.

At step S608, the transaction processing computer 650 may transmit thetransaction identifying information from the identified transactionrecord to the mobile device 620. For example, the transaction processingcomputer 650 may send the resource provider identifier, the transactionidentifier, a transaction timestamp, and any other suitable transactioninformation. In some embodiments, the transaction processing computer650 may not send any sensitive account information or sensitive userinformation.

In some embodiments, the mobile device 620 may request the transactionidentifying information from the authorizing entity computer 660 insteadof the transaction processing computer 650. In other embodiments, theresource provider identifier, the transaction identifier, and/or thetimestamp may already be stored at the mobile device 620, so the mobiledevice 620 may not need to request the transaction identifyinginformation from an outside source at this point. For example, theresource provider identifier, transaction identifier, and/or thetimestamp may have been provided to the mobile device 620 via anelectronic receipt from the access device 625. Alternatively, theresource provider identifier, the transaction identifier, and/or thetimestamp may have been transmitted to the mobile device 620 (e.g., tothe digital wallet application) from the transaction processing computer650 or authorizing entity computer 660 once the transaction wascompleted.

At step S610, the mobile device 620 may transmit the transactionidentifier, the resource provider identifier, the timestamp, and/or anyother suitable transaction information to the access device 625. Forexample, the user may be physically located at a resource providerlocation, and may present the mobile device 620 at the access device 625for an NFC transmission or any other suitable type of transmission.Then, at step S612, the access device 625 may forward the transactioninformation to the resource provider computer 630. In some embodiments,the user may provide the transaction identifier, the resource provideridentifier, the timestamp, and/or any other suitable transactioninformation to the resource provider computer 630 via another interface,such as via manual entry into a key pad, or online via a resourceprovider website.

At step S614, the resource provider computer 630 may optionally identifya stored transaction record based on the transaction identifier, theresource provider identifier, the timestamp, and/or any other suitabletransaction information. The resource provider computer 630 may therebyvalidate that the transaction information is authentic, as well asdetermine an amount associated with the transaction. Thus, in someembodiments, the resource provider computer 630 may be able to identifya transaction without storing sensitive consumer or account information.

At step S616, the resource provider computer 630 may initiate the refundprocess by generating and sending a refund request message (which mayalso be referred to as a transaction reversal request message) to thetransport computer 640. The refund request message may include thetransaction identifier, the resource provider identifier, the timestamp,the transaction amount, and/or any other suitable transactioninformation. In some embodiments, the refund request message may notinclude sensitive consumer or account information. In some embodiments,the resource provider computer 630 may also include a digitalcertificate in the refund request message. In some cases, the digitalcertificate may include data signed by a key held by the resourceprovider computer 630.

In some embodiments, the resource provider computer 630 may insteadtransmit the refund request message directly to the transactionprocessing computer 650 which may then forward the refund requestmessage to the transport computer 640.

At step S618, the transport computer 640 may optionally validate thetransaction information in the refund request message. For example, thetransport computer 640 may identify a stored transaction record withmatching information. Thus, the transport computer 640 may confirm thatthe resource provider identifier, transaction identifier, and/ortimestamp are authentic and associated with one another based on thestored transaction record. The transport computer 640 may also performany other suitable validation, such as confirming that the refundrequest message is received from an authentic source. The transportcomputer 640 may also debit the transaction amount from a resourceprovider account for transfer to the user's account at the authorizingentity computer 660.

At step S620, the transport computer 640 may forward the refund requestmessage to the transaction processing computer 650. In some embodiments,the funds may be transmitted via the refund request message.Alternatively, the refund request message can be an initialcommunication for confirming that the refund can take place, and thefunds can be actually transferred from the transport computer 640 to theauthorizing entity computer 660 at a later time.

At step S622, the transaction processing computer 650 may optionallyvalidate that the transaction information is authentic. For example, thetransaction processing computer 650 may confirm that there is a matchingstored transaction record. The transaction processing computer 650 mayalso check the validity of a resource provider computer 630 digitalcertificate that may be included in the refund request message. Thetransaction processing computer 650 may also confirm that the refundrequest message was received from an authentic source (e.g., byverifying that the transport computer 640 has an active account).

The transaction processing computer 650 may also determine anauthorizing entity identifier associated with the transactioninformation in a transaction record. For example, a BIN from the user'spayment credentials may have been stored in the transaction record. Bystoring the authorizing entity identifier instead of the entire PAN orother payment credentials, the transaction processing computer 650 canidentify the authorizing entity computer 660 associated with thetransaction without having to store sensitive consumer or accountinformation. For example, as mentioned above, the transaction processingcomputer 650 may operate suitable routing tables, and such routingtables may indicate which authorizing entities are associated with whichauthorizing entity identifiers.

In some embodiments, the authorizing entity identifier may already bepresent as a portion of the transaction identifier. In this case, thetransaction processing computer 650 may locate the authorizing entityidentifier from within the transaction identifier.

At step S624, the transaction processing computer 650 may forward therefund request message to the authorizing entity computer 660. Therefund request message may include the transaction identifier, resourceprovider identifier, timestamp, transaction amount, and/or any othersuitable information. In some embodiments, the refund request messagemay not include sensitive consumer or account information.

At step S626, the authorizing entity computer 660 may optionallyvalidate the transaction information, and then may identify the user'sassociated payment account. For example, the authorizing entity computer660 may identify a transaction record based on the transactionidentifier, resource provider identifier, timestamp, transaction amount,and/or any other suitable information, and the record may include a setof payment credentials. In some embodiments, the authorizing entitycomputer 660 may use a private key to validate a digital certificateincluded in the refund request message, or verify that one or more ofthe requesting entities are trusted entities.

At step S628, the authorizing entity computer 660 may apply the refundby crediting the transaction amount to the identified payment account,crediting the current balance of the account. In some embodiments, theamount refunded may vary depending on return policies set by theresource provider computer 630. In some embodiments, the authorizingentity computer 660 may instead authorize the refund and return aresponse to the transport computer 640, and the funds may instead betransferred at a later time.

At step S630, the authorizing entity computer 660 may send a refundresponse message to the transaction processing computer 650 indicatingthat the refund was successfully authorized and/or processed. Thetransaction processing computer 650 may then send notificationsindicating the completion of the refund. The notifications may comprisea message indicating the successful completion of the refund, as well asany other suitable information surrounding the returns process. Forexample, the transaction processing computer 650 may send a notificationto the transport computer 640 at step S632, the transaction processingcomputer 650 may send a notification to the resource provider computer630 at step S634, and the transaction processing computer 650 may send anotification to the mobile device 620 at step S636. In some embodiments,each notification may include the transaction identifier, the resourceprovider identifier and/or any other suitable information, but not anysensitive information (e.g., payment credentials). The transactionprocessing computer 650 may also initiate and coordinate a clearing andsettlement process to finalize the refund. In some embodiments, theresource provider computer 630 may provide a refund receipt (e.g., anelectronic receipt) to the mobile device 620 via the access device 625.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, refund communications between multipleentities can be conducted without storing, sending, or otherwiseexposing sensitive information (e.g., payment credentials, userinformation, etc.). Instead, a transaction can be identified and arefund processed based on transaction information such as a transactionidentifier, a resource provider identifier, and/or a timestamp.

A method 700 for processing a chargeback without utilizing paymentcredentials according to embodiments of the invention can be describedwith respect to FIG. 7. Some elements in other Figures are also referredto. The steps shown in the method 700 may be performed sequentially orin any suitable order in embodiments of the invention. In someembodiments, one or more of the steps may be optional.

A user may determine that a fraudulent transaction was made with theuser's account, that the goods or services were never provided afterpayment, or that a chargeback is otherwise desired. Accordingly, theuser may contact the authorizing entity computer 760 to request achargeback.

At step S702, the user may activate a digital wallet application on themobile device 720, and select a chargeback option for a previoustransaction. For example, the digital wallet application may display alist of completed transactions associated with the user's digital walletand/or payment account. The transactions may be classified by resourceprovider information (e.g., a name and/or address), a time, a date, anamount, purchased item information, and/or any other suitableinformation. The user may select one of the transactions, and mayrequest a chargeback for that transaction. The user may choose theoriginal transaction that applies to the chargeback request byactivating an input element on the mobile device 720. For example, theremay be a software button or display activated by touch allowing the userto select and confirm a transaction. In some embodiments, the inputelements may also be implemented by hardware buttons or activated byvoice. Accordingly, the mobile device 720 may detect the selection bythe user and determine the original transaction for the chargeback.

At step S704, the mobile device 720 may establish communication with theauthorizing entity computer 760 and request a chargeback for thetransaction. For example, the mobile device 720 may send the resourceprovider information (e.g., a name and/or address), a time, an amount,purchased item information, a digital wallet application identifier,and/or any other suitable information for identifying the transaction tothe authorizing entity computer 760.

In some embodiments, the user may contact the authorizing entity viaanother channel to request a chargeback or otherwise dispute atransaction. For example, the user may call the authorizing entity viatelephone, or contact the authorizing entity though an online bankingwebsite.

At step S706, the authorizing entity computer 760 may identify, based onthe information received from the user and/or mobile device 720, atransaction record associated with the transaction. The transactionrecord may include additional transaction information such as a resourceprovider identifier, a transaction identifier, a timestamp, and/or andany other suitable transaction identifying information. The transactionmay be uniquely identifiable based on the resource provider identifier,the transaction identifier, and/or the timestamp. The transaction recordat the authorizing entity computer 760 may also contain informationabout the user and user account, such as payment credentials associatedwith the user account. However, in some embodiments, the authorizingentity computer 760 may not disclose such sensitive information, and mayonly use non-sensitive transaction information such as the resourceprovider identifier, the transaction identifier, and/or the timestamp toidentify the transaction when communicating with other entities, such asthe transaction processing computer 750, the mobile device 720, and thetransport computer 740.

In some embodiments, the resource provider identifier, the transactionidentifier, and/or the timestamp may be stored at the mobile device 720,and the mobile device 720 may provide this information to theauthorizing entity computer 760 along with the chargeback request. Insome embodiments, the authorizing entity computer 760 may be the digitalwallet provider, and thus the transaction record may already beassociated with the user's digital wallet. For example, the same digitalwallet may have been used for the initial purchase.

At step S708, the authorizing entity computer 760 may initiate thechargeback process by generating and sending a chargeback requestmessage (which may also be referred to as a transaction reversal requestmessage) to the transaction processing computer 750. The chargebackrequest message may include the resource provider identifier, thetransaction identifier, the timestamp, a transaction amount, and anyother suitable transaction information. In some embodiments, thechargeback request message may not include sensitive consumer or accountinformation (e.g., payment credentials).

At step S710, the transaction processing computer 750 may optionallyvalidate the transaction information in the chargeback request message.For example, the transaction processing computer 750 may identify astored transaction record with matching information. Thus, thetransaction processing computer 750 may confirm that the resourceprovider identifier, transaction identifier, and/or timestamp areauthentic and associated with one another based on the storedtransaction record. In some embodiments, the transaction processingcomputer 750 may not store any sensitive user or account information,and the transaction processing computer 750 may use the transactioninformation to identify the transaction instead of payment credentials.

The transaction processing computer 750 may also determine a transportcomputer 740 associated with the transaction. For example, thetransaction record may indicate an associated transport computer 740and/or resource provider computer 730 (e.g., identified by the resourceprovider identifier or other information).

At step S712, the transaction processing computer 750 may forward thechargeback request message to the transport computer 740. The transportcomputer 740 may identify a stored transaction record based on thetransaction identifier, the resource provider identifier, the timestamp,and/or other suitable transaction information, and otherwise validatethat the chargeback request is authentic. In some embodiments, thetransport computer 740 may be able to authorize the chargeback. In otherembodiments, the transport computer 740 may consult the resourceprovider computer 730 about whether to or not to allow the chargeback.In other embodiments, a dispute process may take place to determinewhether or not the chargeback will take place.

At step S714, the transaction processing computer 750 may establish acommunication channel for disputing the transaction. The communicationchannel may allow for communication between the authorizing entitycomputer 760, the transport computer 740, the transaction processingcomputer 750, the resource provider computer 730, the mobile device 720,and/or any other suitable entity. One or more of these entities may beable to interact to determine which parties are liable for thetransaction. For example, a determination may be made as to thelikelihood that the transaction was fraudulently conducted. If thechargeback is successfully disputed such that the chargeback isapproved, the method may proceed to step S716.

At step S716, the transport computer 740 may send a chargeback responsemessage to the transaction processing computer 750 indicating that thechargeback is authorized. The chargeback response message may includethe transaction identifier, the resource provider identifier, thetimestamp, an indication of the transaction amount, and/or any othersuitable information. In some embodiments, the chargeback responsemessage may not include sensitive consumer or account information (e.g.,payment credentials).

In some embodiments, the transport computer 740 may debit thetransaction amount from the resource provider's account and transfer thefunds to the authorizing entity computer 760 via the chargeback responsemessage. In other embodiments, the funds may be transferred at a latertime.

At step S718, the transport the transaction processing computer 750 mayforward the chargeback response message to the authorizing entitycomputer 760. In some embodiments, the transaction processing computer750 may optionally first validate the transaction information in thechargeback response message (e.g., by checking whether there is a storedtransaction record with matching transaction information). Thetransaction processing computer 750 may also identify a transactionrecord based on the chargeback response message, and determine anauthorizing entity identifier (e.g. a BIN) indicated in the transactionrecord. This may be done to verify that the chargeback is beingtransferred to the appropriate authorizing entity computer 760. In someembodiments, by only storing the authorizing entity identifier, thetransaction processing computer 750 can avoid saving the paymentcredentials or any other sensitive user data.

At step S720, the authorizing entity computer 760 may optionallyvalidate the transaction information in the chargeback response message,and then may identify the user's associated payment account. Forexample, the authorizing entity computer 760 may identify a transactionrecord with a stored transaction record with a matching transactionidentifier, resource provider identifier, and/or timestamp. Thetransaction record may further include a set of payment credentialsassociated with the user's payment account.

At step S722, the authorizing entity computer 760 may apply thechargeback by crediting the transaction amount to the identified userpayment account, crediting the current balance of the account. In someembodiments, the amount refunded may vary depending on return policiesset by the resource provider computer 730. In some embodiments, theauthorizing entity computer 760 may confirm the authorized chargebackand return a response to the transport computer 740, and the funds mayinstead be transferred at a later time.

At step S724, the authorizing entity computer 760 may send a chargebacksuccess message to the transaction processing computer 750 indicatingthat the chargeback was successfully processed. In some embodiments, theauthorizing entity computer 760 may transmit a notification to themobile device 720, or the authorizing entity may communicate by phonecall to the user that the chargeback was completed successfully.

The transaction processing computer 750 may then send notificationsindicating the completion of the chargeback. For example, thetransaction processing computer 750 may send a notification to thetransport computer 740 at step S726, the transaction processing computer750 may send a notification to the resource provider computer 730 atstep S728, and the transaction processing computer 650 may send anotification to the mobile device 620 at step S730. The notificationsmay comprise a message indicating the successful completion of thechargeback, as well as any other suitable information surrounding thereturns process. In some embodiments, each notification may include thetransaction identifier, resource provider identifier, timestamp, and/orany other suitable transaction information, but not sensitiveinformation (e.g., payment credentials). The transaction processingcomputer 650 may also initiate a clearing and settlement process tofinalize the chargeback. In some embodiments, the resource providercomputer 730 may transmit a chargeback receipt (e.g., an electronicreceipt) to the mobile device 720.

Accordingly, in some embodiments, chargeback communications betweenmultiple entities can be conducted without storing, sending, orotherwise exposing sensitive information (e.g., payment credentials,user information, etc.). Instead, a transaction can be identified and arefund processed based on transaction information such as a transactionidentifier, a resource provider identifier, and/or a timestamp.

Embodiments of the invention have a number of advantages. For example,in embodiments of the invention, sensitive information is made moresecure. Transactions can be identified by non-sensitive transactioninformation, such a resource provider identifier and transactionidentifier, instead of using sensitive payment credentials foridentifying a transaction. For example, during transaction reversalcommunications, authorization response messages, or any othertransaction-related communications, the specific transaction can beidentified by non-sensitive information. This means that, in someembodiments, cardholder data does not need to be sent to variousentities in order to facilitate a returns or chargeback process. Thus,instead of exposing payment credentials and other user information bywidespread storage in various entities' databases and inclusion inregular communications, the sensitive information is kept secure, andthere is less chance of compromise.

Additionally, embodiments of the invention advantageously allow resourceproviders to generate transaction identifiers and timestamps. This givesthe resource provider control over whether a transaction can be uniquelyidentified. In other words, as long as the resource provider allocatesunique transaction identifiers for each transaction, there is a low riskof misidentifying a transaction or an associated user account. Using aresource provider identifier in conjunction with the locally-generatedtransaction identifier allows the transaction to be globally uniquelyidentified. Further, this creates a simple, elegant system fortransaction identification. Instead of retrieving transactionidentifiers from a central source (such as a transaction processingcomputer) for each transaction, transaction identifiers can be generatedlocally, decreasing back-and-forth communication and improvingefficiency.

Additionally, embodiments of the invention can apply to other areasbeyond financial systems and transaction-related processing. Forexample, embodiments can apply to data access. It may be desirable toprotect a user password or other access credentials used to accesssecure data on a server computer (e.g., an email account, an onlinenewspaper subscription, sensitive medical information, or otherconfidential data, webpages, or networks). Embodiments allow atransaction identifier, such as a session ID, and a resource provideridentifier, such as an IP address or other unique device identifier, tobe used in access-related communications instead of the user's accesscredentials.

FIG. 8 is a high-level block diagram 12 of a computer system that may beused to implement any of the entities or components described above. Thesubsystems shown in FIG. 8 are interconnected via a system bus 75.Additional subsystems include a printer 74, keyboard 78, storage device79, and monitor 76, which is coupled to display adapter 82. Peripheralsand input/output (I/O) devices, which couple to I/O controller 71, canbe connected to the computer system by any number of means known in theart, such as a serial port. For example, I/O port 77 or externalinterface 81 can be used to connect the computer apparatus to a widearea network such as the Internet, a mouse input device, or a scanner.The interconnection via system bus 75 allows the central processor 73 tocommunicate with each subsystem and to control the execution ofinstructions from system memory 72 or the storage device 79, as well asthe exchange of information between subsystems. The system memory 72and/or the storage device may embody a computer-readable medium.

As described, the inventive service may involve implementing one or morefunctions, processes, operations or method steps. In some embodiments,the functions, processes, operations or method steps may be implementedas a result of the execution of a set of instructions or software codeby a suitably-programmed computing device, microprocessor, dataprocessor, or the like. The set of instructions or software code may bestored in a memory or other form of data storage element which isaccessed by the computing device, microprocessor, etc. In otherembodiments, the functions, processes, operations or method steps may beimplemented by firmware or a dedicated processor, integrated circuit,etc.

Any of the software components or functions described in thisapplication may be implemented as software code to be executed by aprocessor using any suitable computer language such as, for example,Java, C++ or Perl using, for example, conventional or object-orientedtechniques. The software code may be stored as a series of instructions,or commands on a computer-readable medium, such as a random accessmemory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), a magnetic medium such as ahard-drive or a floppy disk, or an optical medium such as a CD-ROM. Anysuch computer-readable medium may reside on or within a singlecomputational apparatus, and may be present on or within differentcomputational apparatuses within a system or network.

While certain exemplary embodiments have been described in detail andshown in the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that suchembodiments are merely illustrative of and not intended to berestrictive of the broad invention, and that this invention is not to belimited to the specific arrangements and constructions shown anddescribed, since various other modifications may occur to those withordinary skill in the art.

As used herein, the use of “a”, “an” or “the” is intended to mean “atleast one”, unless specifically indicated to the contrary.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a transactionprocessing computer, from a resource provider computer associated with aresource provider, an authorization request message for a transactionbetween a user and the resource provider, the authorization requestmessage including, a transaction identifier that was generated by theresource provider computer, a resource provider identifier that wasgenerated by the transaction processing computer, a primary accountnumber associated with an account of the user, and at least one of atimestamp, a transaction amount, information about purchased items,geo-location information associated with the transaction, or a digitalcertificate associated with the resource provider; determining, by thetransaction processing computer, an authorizing entity identifierassociated with an authorizing entity based on the authorization requestmessage; storing, by the transaction processing computer, a transactionrecord including the resource provider identifier, the transactionidentifier, the authorizing entity identifier, and at least one of thetimestamp, the transaction amount, the information about purchaseditems, the geo-location information associated with the transaction, orthe digital certificate associated with the resource provider, whereinthe primary account number is not stored; transmitting, by thetransaction processing computer, the authorization request message to anauthorizing entity computer associated with the authorizing entityidentifier, wherein the authorizing entity computer authorizes thetransaction based on the primary account number; receiving, by thetransaction processing computer, an authorization response messageincluding the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier, and not including the primary account number; transmitting,by the transaction processing computer, the authorization responsemessage to the resource provider computer; receiving, by the transactionprocessing computer, from the resource provider computer, a request forreversing the transaction, the request including the resource provideridentifier, the transaction identifier, and at least one of thetimestamp, the transaction amount, the information about purchaseditems, the geo-location information associated with the transaction, orthe digital certificate associated with the resource provider, therequest not including the primary account number, wherein thetransaction is uniquely identified by a combination of the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier; identifying, by thetransaction processing computer, the transaction record based on theresource provider identifier and the transaction identifier; obtaining,by the transaction processing computer, the authorizing entityidentifier from the transaction record; and forwarding, by thetransaction processing computer, the request to the authorizing entitycomputer associated with the authorizing entity identifier, wherein theauthorizing entity computer determines the primary account number basedon the resource provider identifier and the transaction identifier, andwherein the authorizing entity computer approves of the transactionreversal.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the resource providercomputer sent the transaction reversal request in response to receivingthe transaction identifier and the resource provider identifier from auser device.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising: receiving, bythe transaction processing computer, from a user device, a request fortransaction data, the request including a time, user information, andresource provider information; identifying, by the transactionprocessing computer, based on the request, the transaction identifierand the resource provider identifier; and providing, by the transactionprocessing computer, the transaction identifier and the resourceprovider identifier to the user device.
 4. The method of claim 1,wherein the request for reversing the transaction between the user andthe resource provider also does not include a user name, an expirationdate, a payment token, or a card verification value.
 5. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising: generating, by the transaction processingcomputer, the resource provider identifier for the resource provider;and transmitting, by the transaction processing computer, the resourceprovider identifier to the resource provider computer.
 6. The method ofclaim 1, wherein the authorizing entity identifier is an issuer bankidentification number.
 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the transactionprocessing computer is associated with a transaction processing network,wherein the resource provider is a merchant, and wherein the authorizingentity is an issuer.
 8. A transaction processing computer comprising: aprocessor; and a computer readable medium, the computer readable mediumcomprising code, executable by the processor, for implementing a methodcomprising: receiving, from a resource provider computer associated witha resource provider, an authorization request message for a transactionbetween a user and the resource provider, the authorization requestmessage including a transaction identifier that was generated by theresource provider computer, a resource provider identifier that wasgenerated by the transaction processing computer, a primary accountnumber associated with an account of the user, and at least one of atimestamp, a transaction amount, information about purchased items,geo-location information associated with the transaction, or a digitalcertificate associated with the resource provider; determining anauthorizing entity identifier associated with an authorizing entitybased on the authorization request message; storing a transaction recordincluding the resource provider identifier, the transaction identifier,the authorizing entity identifier, and at least one of the timestamp,the transaction amount, the information about purchased items, thegeo-location information associated with the transaction, or the digitalcertificate associated with the resource provider, wherein the primaryaccount number is not stored; transmitting the authorization requestmessage to an authorizing entity computer associated with theauthorizing entity identifier, wherein the authorizing entity computerauthorizes the transaction based on the primary account number;receiving an authorization response message including the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier, and not includingthe primary account number; transmitting the authorization responsemessage to the resource provider computer; receiving, from the resourceprovider computer, a request for reversing the transaction, the requestincluding the resource provider identifier, the transaction identifier,and at least one of the timestamp, the transaction amount, theinformation about purchased items, the geo-location informationassociated with the transaction, or the digital certificate associatedwith the resource provider, the request not including the primaryaccount number, wherein the transaction is uniquely identified by acombination of the resource provider identifier and the transactionidentifier; identifying the transaction record based on the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier; obtaining theauthorizing entity identifier from the transaction record; andforwarding the request to the authorizing entity computer associatedwith the authorizing entity identifier, wherein the authorizing entitycomputer determines the primary account number based on the resourceprovider identifier and the transaction identifier, and wherein theauthorizing entity computer approves of the transaction reversal.
 9. Thetransaction processing computer of claim 8, wherein the resourceprovider computer sent the transaction reversal request in response toreceiving the transaction identifier and the resource provideridentifier from a user device.
 10. The transaction processing computerof claim 8, wherein the authorizing entity identifier is a portion ofthe primary account number.
 11. The transaction processing computer ofclaim 8, wherein the request for reversing the transaction between theuser and the resource provider also does not include a user name, anexpiration date, a payment token, or a card verification value.
 12. Thetransaction processing computer of claim 8, the method furthercomprising: generating the resource provider identifier; andtransmitting the resource provider identifier to the resource providercomputer.
 13. The transaction processing computer of claim 8, whereinthe authorizing entity identifier is an issuer bank identificationnumber.
 14. The transaction processing computer of claim 8, wherein thetransaction processing computer is associated with a transactionprocessing network, wherein the resource provider is a merchant, andwherein the authorizing entity is an issuer.